【雅思真题_英语外教一对一培训】栏目更新了2024年9月14日雅思考试中的一道阅读真题——《Spider silk蜘蛛丝》，以下为雅思阅读真题的具体题目以及答案：

雅思阅读真题《Spider silk蜘蛛丝》

　　雅思阅读真题文章内容：

　　A strong, light bio-material made by genes from spiders could transform construction andindustry

　　Scientists have succeeded in copying the silk-producing genes of the Golden Orb Weaverspider and are using them to create a synthetic material which they believe is the model fola new generation of advanced bio-materials. The new material. biosilk, which has beenspun for the first time by researchers at DuPont, has an enormous range of potential usesin construction and manufacturing.

　　B

　　The attraction of the silk spun by the spider is a combination of great strength andenormous elasticity, which man-made fibres have been unable to replicate. On an equalweight basis, spider silk is far stronger than steel and it is estimated that if a single strandcould be made about 10m in diameter, it would be strong enough to stop a jumbo jet inflight. A third important factor is that it is extremely light. Amy scientists are already lookingat the possibilities of using it for lightweight, bulletproof vests and parachutes.

　　C

　　For some time, biochemists have been trying to synthesise the drag-line silk of the GoldenOrb Weaver. The drag-line silk, which foms the radial arms of the web, is stronger than theother parts of the web and some biochemists believe a synthetic version could prove to beas important a material as nylon, which has been around for 50 years, since thediscoveries ofWallace Carothers and his team ushered in the age of polymers.

　　D

　　To recreate the material, scientists, including Randolph Lewis at the University ofWyoming, first examined the silk-producing gland of the spider. "We took out the glandsthat produce the silk and looked at the coding for the protein material they make, which isspun into a web. We then went looking for clones with the right DNA,’ he says.

　　E

　　At DuPont, researchers have used both yeast and bacteria as hosts to grow the rawmateral, which they have spun into fibres. Robert Dorsch, DuPont's director of biochemicadevelopment, says the globules of protein, comparable with marbles in an egg, areharvested and processed.'We break open the bacteria, separate out the globules ofprotein and use them as the raw starting material. With veast, the gene system can bedesigned so that the material excretes the protein outside the yeast for better access, hesays.

　　F

　　*The bacteria and the yeast produce the same protein, equivalent to that which the spideruses in the draglines of the web. The spider mixes the protein into a water-based solution and then spins it into a solid fibre in onego. $ince we are not as clever as the spider and we are not using such sophisticated organisms, we substitutedman-made approaches and dissolved the protein in chemical solvents, which are then spun to push thematerial through small holes to form the solid fibre.

　　G

　　Researchers at DuPont say they envisage many possible uses for a new biosilk material. They say thaearthquake-resistant suspension bridges hung from cables of synthetic spider silk fibres may become areality, Stronger ropes, safer seat belts, shoe soles that do not wear out so quickly and tough new clothing areamong the other applications. Biochemists such as Lewis see the potential range of uses of biosilk as almostlimitless. lt is very strong and retains elasticity:. there are no man-made materials that can mimie both theseproperties. lt is also a biological material with all the advantages that have over petrochem icals," he says.

　　H

　　At DuPont's laboratories, Dorsch is excited by the prospect of new super-strong materials but he warns theyare many years away, *We are at an carly stage but theoretical predictions are that we will wind up with avery strong, tough material, with an ability to absorb shock, which is stronger and tougher than the man-madematerials that are conventionally available to us,* he says.

　　I

　　The spider is not the only creature that has aroused the interest of material scientists. They have also becomeenvious of the natural adhesive secreted by the sea mussel. lt produces a protein adhesive to attach itselftorocks, lt is tedious and expensive to extract the protein from the mussel, so researchers have alreadyproduced a synthetic gene for use in surrogate bacteria

　　Questions 1-5

　　Reading Passage 1 has nine paragraphs, A-I

　　Which paragraph contains the following information?

　　Write the correct letter, A-l, in boxes I-5 on your answer sheet

　　1、a comparison of the ways two materials are used to replace silk-producing glands

　　2、predictions regarding the avaiability of the synthetic silk

　　3、ongoing research into other synthetic materlals

　　4、the research into the part of the spider that manufactures silk

　　5、the possible application ofthe silk in civil engmeering

　　Questions 6-10

　　Complete the flow-chart below.

　　Choose NO MORE THANTWO WORDS frm the passage for each answer.

　　Write your answers in boxes 6-10 on your answer sheet.

　　Synthetic gene grown in 6___or7____

　　globules of 8___

　　dissolved in 9___

　　passed through 10____

　　to produce a solid fibre

　　Questions l 1-13

　　Do te following statements agree with the infomation given in Reading Passage?

　　In boxes 11-13 on your answer sheet, write

　　TRUE   if the statement is true

　　FALSE    if the statement is false

　　NOT GIVEN    if the information is not given in the passage

　　11、Biosilk has already replaced nylon in parachute manufacture.

　　12、The spider produces silk of varying strengths.

　　13、 Lewis and Dorsch co-operated in the synthetic production of silk.

　　雅思阅读真题答案：

　　1、E

　　2、H

　　3、I

　　4、D

　　5、G

　　6. yeast

　　7. bacteria

　　8. protein

　　9. chemical

　　10. holes

　　11. FALSE

　　12. TRUE

　　13. NOT GIVEN

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